OS X 10.7 Lion was released on July 20, 2011 and made some huge changes to the Mac. Some of these changes were to make it easier for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch users to adapt to the Mac, some to make the two platforms work better together, and some to keep making the Mac better and better.
Lion was only available by purchase and download from the Mac App Store, where it retailed for US$29.99. You must have OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard installed to purchase, download, or install Lion, and the 4 GB download could take some time with slower DSL connections (we don’t even want to think about how long it would take with dial-up). As a convenience, Apple allowed users to bring their Macs to a nearby Apple Store and use Apple’s WiFi to make the download.
Like OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, Lion requires an Intel-based Mac, but it goes two steps beyond that. First of all, Lion is a 64-bit operating system, so it won’t work on those 2006 Macs built around 32-bit Core Solo and Core Duo processors. It requires Core 2 Duo or newer, which leaves the following Macs behind unless you update the firmware and install a Core 2 Duo CPU:
Additionally, Lion is the first version of OS X with no support for PowerPC software. Apple introduced Rosetta, which lets Intel CPUs run PowerPC apps, with OS X 10.4 Tiger for the first Intel Macs in 2006, and it had been part of OS X until now.
The last version of Lion, OS X 10.7.5, was released on October 4, 2012. It was the first version of Mac OS X to be part of the annual upgrade program – ever since Lion, Apple has released a new macOS version every year.
Lion was replaced by OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion on July 25, 2012, just a year after Lion first became available. Lion is no longer available for purchase through normal App Store channels, although you may be able to acquire access to it through Apple Support.
Lion is the oldest version of OS X impacted by the “goto fail” bug. See Apple and the ‘goto fail’ Bug for information on securing Lion.
Installation Tip
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You can’t just install Lion on any old Mac that support it. The installer’s certificate has expired, so you need to set your Mac to think it’s operating in the past. Using trial and error, I found that setting a date in 2012 will let the installer function. To change your Mac’s date:
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- Open System Preferences.
- Open Date & Time.
- If your Mac is set to Set date and time automatically, which is usually the case, disable it.
- Click on the year and use the down arrow to the right of it to change the year to 2012.
- Install Lion and make several rounds of updates.
After you complete the process, be sure to set your Mac to the current date and time. Enabling the Set date and time automatically setting is the easiest way to do it.
Lion Links
- The Implications of Losing Rosetta in OS X 10.7 Lion, Charles W Moore, Miscellaneous Ramblings, 2011.05.09. Rosetta lets PowerPC apps run on Intel Macs, but losing Rosetta means that some installers and updaters will no longer run.
- Mac OS X 10.7 Lion Brings Back Useful Features from Apple’s 1983 Lisa, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2011.06.07. As I read about Resume, Auto Save, and Versions, one thought kept coming to my mind: Lisa lives!
- Already Addicted to OS X Lion, Austin Leeds, Apple Everywhere, 2011.07.21. After just a few hours use, iPad user Austin Leeds says there’s a lot to love with OS X 10.7 Lion on his MacBook Pro.
- Snow Leopard and OS X 10.7 Lion Backlash, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2012.03.05. While OS X and Lion are gaining market share, OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard is also making a bit of a comeback.
Downloadable Updates
Standalone updates let you update to a newer version of Mac OS X from your hard drive instead of using Software Update, which requires an Internet connection. This can be especially helpful if you have more than one Mac that need to have the update installed, since you only have to download it once. Download the one(s) you need and install them after mounting the disk image and launching the Installer program.
There are two types of Standalone Updates: Individual (or Delta) and Combo.
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- Individual Updates update one version of Mac OS X to the next version. For example, the Mac OS X 10.7.4 Update updates Mac OS X 10.7.3 to version 10.7.4. Individual Updates are also known as Delta Updates.
- Combo Updates update the base version of a Mac OS X release to the version specified in the Combo Update, including all intermediate updates. For example, the Mac OS X 10.7.4 Combo Update updates any earlier version of Mac OS X 10.7 to Mac OS X 10.7.4 using a single installer, as opposed to installing the individual Mac OS X 10.7.1, 10.7.2, 10.7.3, and 10.7.4 updates.
Standalone Updates are generally available 24 to 48 hours after the Update is available through Software Update.
If you burn a Standalone Update to CD, its disk image must be copied to your desktop or another location on your Mac OS X startup disk in order to be installed.
OS X 10.7.1
OS X 10.7.2
OS X 10.7.3
OS X 10.7.4
OS X 10.7.5
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Like many new laptops, the new Apple MacBooks are too thin to have an onboard Ethernet adapter. After setting up a local account and connecting it to the internal wireless network (using WPA2 Enterprise), I was able to join the Macbook to the Active Directory domain without issues. However I quickly discovered that I couldn’t login to a domain account because by default wireless connections are not connected before login – remember, no Ethernet.
The immediate “fix” was to purchase a USB3 gigabit Ethernet adapter, but after some research later I discovered it's possible to enable WiFi before login. Here are the basic steps:
- Install the Apple Configurator utility from the App Store. This app is designed to create deployment profiles for iOS devices but can also be used to create 802.1x profiles for OS X systems.
- Run the Configurator and create a new profile. Update the WiFi section with the required connection information.
- Save this profile locally.
- Open the profile with a text editor and add XML text as outlined at http://www.ntsystems.it/post/Joining-WiFi-before-login-on-Mac-OS-X-108.aspx. This article is for an older version of OS X and refers to the discontinued iPhone Configuration Utility (which was replaced by the Apple Configurator), but the manual edits still apply to OS X 10.10 and 10.11.
- Double-Click the edited profile to import into System Preferences. You can see the loaded profile by going to the 802.1x section of the Network->Advanced settings in System Preferences.
- Logoff or reboot and you should be good to go.