Comparison of iWatermark Pro or Mac/Win and iWatermark+ for iPhone/iPad/Android. All versions of iWatermark are written in the native language for that OS. Mac and Win have similar features since they are both desktop systems. The 2 mobile OS versions iOS and Android have similar features to each other. Sep 04, 2016 The Turing Test General Discussions Topic Details. Sep 4, 2016 @ 9:38pm Boolean painting room Did anyone see the paint brush with purple paint on it in this. Alternatively, I could find items from two separate dates. “NOT” is handy, too. You could use it to exclude file types, say, from your results. The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1950, is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Turing proposed that a human evaluator would judge natural language conversations between a human and a machine designed to generate human-like.
Combines separate values for year, month, and day and returns a date/time value.
Returns the number of days, months, or years between two dates.
Converts a date text string and returns a date/time value. This function is provided for compatibility with other spreadsheet programs.
Returns the day of the month for a given date/time value.
Returns the name of the day of the week from a date/time value or a number. Day 1 is Sunday.
Returns the number of days between two dates based on twelve 30‑day months and a 360‑day year.
Returns a date that is some number of months before or after a given date.
Returns a date that is the last day of the month some number of months before or after a given date.
Returns the hour for a given date/time value.
Returns the minutes for a given date/time value.
Returns the month for a given date/time value.
Returns the name of the month from a number. Month 1 is January.
Returns the number of working days between two dates. Working days exclude weekends and any other specified dates.
Returns the current date/time value from the system clock.
Returns the seconds for a given date/time value.
Converts separate values for hours, minutes, and seconds into a date/time value.
Returns the time as a decimal fraction of a 24‑hour day from a given date/time value or from a text string.
Returns the current system date. The time is set to 12:00 a.m.
Returns a number that is the day of the week for a given date.
Returns the number of the week within the year for a given date.
Returns the date that is the given number of working days before or after a given date. Working days exclude weekends and any other dates specifically excluded.
Returns the year for a given date/time value.
Finds the fraction of a year represented by the number of whole days between two dates.
Converts a duration value to a number of days.
Converts a duration value to a number of hours.
Converts a duration value to a number of milliseconds.
Converts a duration value to a number of minutes.
Converts a duration value to a number of seconds.
Converts a duration value to a number of weeks.
Combines separate values for weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds and returns a duration value.
Evaluates a given value and returns either the number of days represented, if a duration value; or the given value. This function is included for compatibility with other spreadsheet applications.
Converts a number of the specified base into a number in base 10.
Returns the integer Bessel function Jn(x).
Returns the integer Bessel function Yn(x).
Converts a binary number to the corresponding decimal number.
Converts a binary number to the corresponding hexadecimal number.
Converts a binary number to the corresponding octal number.
Converts a number from one measurement system to its corresponding value in another measurement system.
Converts a decimal number to the corresponding binary number.
Converts a decimal number to the corresponding hexadecimal number.
Converts a decimal number to the corresponding octal number.
Determines whether two values are exactly equal.
Returns the error function integrated between two values.
Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between a given lower bound and infinity.
Determines if one value is greater than or exactly equal to another value.
Converts a hexadecimal number to the corresponding binary number.
Converts a hexadecimal number to the corresponding decimal number.
Converts a hexadecimal number to the corresponding octal number.
Converts a number from base 10 into a number in the specified base.
Converts an octal number to the corresponding binary number.
Converts an octal number to the corresponding decimal number.
Converts an octal number to the corresponding hexadecimal number.
Calculates the accrued interest added to the purchase price of a security and paid to the seller when the security pays periodic interest.
Calculates the total accrued interest added to the purchase price of a security and paid to the seller when the security pays interest only at maturity.
Calculates the weighted average of the present value of the cash flows for an assumed par value of $100.
Calculates the modified weighted average of the present value of the cash flows for an assumed par value of $100.
Returns the number of days between the beginning of the coupon period in which settlement occurs and the settlement date.
Returns the number of days in the coupon period in which settlement occurs.
Returns the number of days between the settlement date and the end of the coupon period in which settlement occurs.
Returns the number of coupons remaining to be paid between the settlement date and the maturity date.
Returns the total interest included in loan or annuity payments over a chosen time interval based on fixed periodic payments and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the total principal included in loan or annuity payments over a chosen time interval based on fixed periodic payments and a fixed interest rate.
Returns data from the previous market day’s close about the exchange rate between two currencies, retrieved remotely via the Internet.
Returns the ISO currency code of a given currency value, or the currency code for the language and region set for the computer or for the current document.
Returns the price of a given currency value in a different currency, using exchange rate data from the previous market day’s close, retrieved remotely via the Internet.
Returns historical data on the exchange rate between two currencies for a given date. The value returned is in the target currency (the currency to which you’re converting).
Returns the amount of depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the fixed‑declining balance method.
Returns the amount of depreciation of an asset based on a specified depreciation rate.
Returns the annual discount rate of a security that pays no interest and is sold at a discount to its redemption value.
Returns the effective annual interest rate from the nominal annual interest rate based on the number of compounding periods per year.
Returns the future value of an investment based on a series of regular periodic cash flows (payments of a constant amount and all cash flows at constant intervals) and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the effective annual interest rate for a security that pays interest only at maturity.
Returns the interest portion of a specified loan or annuity payment based on fixed, periodic payments and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the internal rate of return for an investment that is based on a series of potentially irregular cash flows that occur at regular time intervals.
Returns the interest portion of a specified loan or annuity payment based on fixed, periodic payments and a fixed interest rate. This function is provided for compatibility with tables imported from other spreadsheet applications.
Returns the modified internal rate of return for an investment that is based on a series of potentially irregular cash flows that occur at regular time intervals. The rate earned on positive cash flows and the rate paid to finance negative cash flows can differ.
Returns the nominal annual interest rate from the effective annual interest rate based on the number of compounding periods per year.
Returns the number of payment periods for a loan or annuity based on a series of regular periodic cash flows (payments of a constant amount and all cash flows at constant intervals) and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of potentially irregular cash flows that occur at regular time intervals.
Returns the fixed periodic payment for a loan or annuity based on a series of regular periodic cash flows (payments of a constant amount and all cash flows at constant intervals) and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the principal portion of a specified loan or annuity payment based on fixed periodic payments and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the price of a security that pays periodic interest per $100 of redemption (par) value.
Returns the price of a security that is sold at a discount to redemption value and does not pay interest per $100 of redemption (par) value.
Returns the price of a security that pays interest only at maturity per $100 of redemption (par) value.
Returns the present value of an investment or annuity based on a series of regular periodic cash flows (payments of a constant amount and all cash flows at constant intervals) and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the interest rate of an investment, loan, or annuity based on a series of regular periodic cash flows (payments of a constant amount and all cash flows at constant intervals) and a fixed interest rate.
Returns the maturity value for a security that pays interest only at maturity.
Returns the amount of depreciation of an asset for a single period using the straight‑line method.
Returns data from the previous market day’s close about a given stock, retrieved remotely via the Internet.
Returns historical price information about a stock for a given date, retrieved remotely via the Internet.
Returns the amount of depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the sum‑of‑the‑years‑digits method.
Returns the amount of depreciation of an asset over a chosen time interval, based on a specified depreciation rate.
Returns the internal rate of return for an investment that is based on a series of irregularly spaced cash flows.
Returns the present value of an investment or annuity based on a series of irregularly spaced cash flows and at a discount interest rate.
Returns the effective annual interest rate for a security that pays regular periodic interest.
Returns the effective annual interest rate for a security that is sold at a discount to redemption value and pays no interest.
Returns the effective annual interest rate for a security that pays interest only at maturity.
Returns TRUE if all arguments are true; otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns the Boolean value FALSE. This function is included for compatibility with tables imported from other spreadsheet applications.
Returns one of two values depending on whether a specified expression evaluates to a Boolean value of TRUE or FALSE.
Returns a value that you specify if a given value evaluates to an error; otherwise it returns the given value.
Checks specified expressions returns a value based on the first condition that evaluates to a boolean value of TRUE.
Returns TRUE if the specified cell is empty; otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns the boolean value TRUE if the given expression evaluates to a date and the boolean value FALSE otherwise.
Returns TRUE if a given expression evaluates to an error; otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns TRUE if the value is even (leaves no remainder when divided by 2); otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns the boolean value TRUE if the given expression evaluates to a number and the boolean value FALSE otherwise.
Returns TRUE if the value is odd (leaves a remainder when divided by 2); otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns the boolean value TRUE if the given expression evaluates to a string and the boolean value FALSE otherwise.
Returns the opposite of the Boolean value of a specified expression.
Returns TRUE if any argument is true; otherwise it returns FALSE.
Returns the Boolean value TRUE. This function is included for compatibility with tables imported from other spreadsheet applications.
Returns the absolute value of a number or duration.
Rounds a number away from zero to the nearest multiple of the specified factor.
Returns the number of different ways you can combine a number of items into groups of a specific size, ignoring the order within the groups.
Rounds a number away from zero to the next even number.
Returns e (the base of natural logarithms) raised to the specified power.
Returns the factorial of a number.
Returns the double factorial of a number.
Rounds a number toward zero to the nearest multiple of the specified factor.
Returns the greatest common divisor of the specified numbers.
Returns the nearest integer that is less than or equal to the number.
Returns the least common multiple of the specified numbers.
Returns the natural logarithm of a number, the power to which e must be raised to result in the number.
Returns the logarithm of a number using a specified base.
Returns the base‑10 logarithm of a number.
Returns the remainder from a division.
Rounds a number to the nearest multiple of a specified factor.
Returns the closed form of the multinomial coefficient of the given numbers.
Rounds a number away from zero to the next odd number.
Returns the approximate value of π (pi), the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter.
Evaluates a polynomial at a given point.
Returns a number raised to a power.
Returns the product of one or more numbers.
Returns the integer quotient of two numbers.
Returns a random number that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.
Returns a random integer within the specified range.
Converts a number to Roman numerals.
Returns a number rounded to the specified number of places.
Returns a number rounded toward zero (rounded down) to the specified number of places.
Returns a number rounded away from zero (rounded up) to the specified number of places.
Computes and returns the sum of a power series.
Returns 1 when a given number is positive, –1 when it is negative, and 0 when it is zero.
Returns the square root of a number.
Returns the square root of a number multiplied by π (pi).
Returns the sum of a collection of numbers.
Returns the sum of a collection of numbers, including only numbers that satisfy a specified condition.
Returns the sum of the cells in a collection where the test values meet the given conditions.
Returns the sum of the products of corresponding numbers in one or more ranges.
Returns the sum of the squares of a collection of numbers.
Returns the sum of the difference of the squares of corresponding values in two collections.
Returns the sum of the squares of corresponding values in two collections.
Returns the sum of the squares of the differences between corresponding values in two collections.
Truncates a number to the specified number of digits.
Constructs a cell address string from separate row, column, and table identifiers.
Returns the number of ranges the function references.
Returns a value from a collection of values based on a specified index value.
Returns the column number of the column containing a specified cell.
Returns the number of columns included in a specified range of cells.
Returns a value from a range of rows by using the top row of values to pick a column and a row number to pick a row within that column.
Returns the value in the cell located at the intersection of the specified row and column within a range of cells.
Returns the contents of a cell or range referenced by an address specified as a string.
Returns a range that is the intersection of the specified ranges.
Finds a match for a given search value in one range, then returns the value in the cell with the same relative position in a second range.
Returns the position of a value within a range.
Returns a range of cells that is the specified number of rows and columns away from the specified base cell.
Returns the row number of the row containing a specified cell.
Returns the number of rows included in a specified range of cells.
Returns a vertical range of cells as a horizontal range of cells, or vice versa.
Returns a range that represents a range representing the union of the specified ranges.
Returns a value from a range of columns by using the left column of values to pick a row and a column number to pick a column in that row.
Searches a range for a specified value and returns the value from the same row in another column.
Returns the average of the difference of a collection of numbers from their average (arithmetic mean).
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of a collection of numbers.
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of a collection of values, including text and Boolean values.
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the cells in a range that meet a given condition.
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the cells in a collection that meet all the given conditions.
Returns the cumulative beta distribution probability value.
Returns the inverse of the given cumulative beta distribution probability value.
Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability of the specified form.
Returns the one‑tailed probability of the chi‑square distribution.
Returns the inverse of the one‑tailed probability of the chi‑square distribution.
Returns the value from the chi‑square distribution for the given data.
Returns a value for creating a statistical confidence interval for a sample from a population with a known standard deviation.
Returns the correlation between two collections using linear regression analysis.
Returns the number of its arguments that contain numbers, numeric expressions, or dates.
Returns the number of its arguments that are not empty.
Returns the number of cells in a range that are empty.
Returns the number of cells in a range that satisfy a given condition.
Returns the number of cells in one or more ranges that satisfy given conditions (one condition per range).
Returns the covariance of two collections.
Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a given value.
Returns the sum of the squares of deviations of a collection of numbers from their average (arithmetic mean).
Returns the exponential distribution of the specified form.
Returns the F probability distribution.
Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution.
Returns the forecasted y value for a given x value based on sample values using linear regression analysis.
Returns an array of how often data values occur within a range of interval values.
Returns the gamma distribution in the specified form.
Returns the inverse gamma cumulative distribution.
Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, G(x).
Returns the geometric mean.
Returns the harmonic mean.
Returns the y‑intercept of the best‑fit line for the collection using linear regression analysis.
Returns the nth‑largest value within a collection. The largest value is ranked number 1.
Returns an array of the statistics for a straight line that best fits the given data using the least squares method.
Returns the inverse of the log‑normal cumulative distribution function of x.
Returns the log‑normal distribution.
Returns the largest number in a collection.
Returns the largest number in a collection of values that may include text and Boolean values.
Returns the median value in a collection of numbers. The median is the value where half the numbers in the collection are less than the median and half are greater.
Returns the smallest number in a collection.
Returns the smallest number in a collection of values that may include text and Boolean values.
Returns the most frequently occurring value in a collection of numbers.
Returns the negative binomial distribution.
Returns the normal distribution of the specified function form.
Returns the inverse of the cumulative normal distribution.
Returns the standard normal distribution.
Returns the inverse of the cumulative standard normal distribution.
Returns the value within a collection that corresponds to a particular percentile.
Returns the rank of a value in a collection as a percentage of the collection.
Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects that can be selected from a total number of objects.
Returns the probability that a specific number of events will occur using the Poisson distribution.
Returns the probability of a range of values if you know the probabilities of the individual values.
Returns the value for the specified quartile of a given collection.
Returns the rank of a number within a range of numbers.
Returns the slope of the best‑fit line for the collection using linear regression analysis.
Returns the nth‑smallest value within a range. The smallest value is ranked number 1.
Returns a normalized value from a distribution characterized by a given mean and standard deviation.
Returns the standard deviation, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values based on their sample (unbiased) variance.
Returns the standard deviation, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values that may include text and Boolean values, based on the sample (unbiased) variance.
Returns the standard deviation, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values based on their population (true) variance.
Returns the standard deviation, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values that may include text and Boolean values, based on the population (true) variance.
Returns the probability from the Student’s t‑distribution.
Returns the t value (a function of the probability and degrees of freedom) from the Student’s t‑distribution.
Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t‑test, based on the t‑distribution function.
Returns the sample (unbiased) variance, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values.
Returns the sample (unbiased) variance, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values, including text and Boolean values.
Returns the population (true) variance, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values.
Returns the sample (unbiased) variance, a measure of dispersion, of a collection of values, including text and Boolean values.
Returns the values of the Weibull distribution.
Returns the one‑tailed probability value of the Z‑test.
Returns the character that corresponds to a decimal Unicode character code.
Removes most common nonprinting characters (Unicode character codes 0–31) from text.
Returns the decimal Unicode number of the first character in a specified string.
Joins (concatenates) strings.
Returns a number value representing the number of times a given substring appears in the original string value.
Returns a string formatted as a dollar amount from a given number.
Returns TRUE if the argument strings are identical in case and content.
Returns the starting position of one string within another.
Rounds a number to the specified number of decimal places and then returns the result as a string value.
Returns a string consisting of the specified number of characters from the left end of a given string.
Returns the number of characters in a string.
Returns a string that is entirely lowercase, regardless of the case of the characters in the specified string.
Returns a string consisting of the given number of characters from a string starting at the specified position.
Returns a string value stripped of any rich text attributes in the input value.
Returns a string where the first letter of each word is uppercase and all remaining characters are lowercase, regardless of the case of the characters in the specified string.
Enables usage of regular expressions in other text and conditional functions. It can be used with all functions that expect a condition (IF, COUNTIF, …) or a string match (SUBSTITUTE, TEXTBEFORE, …). When not used as a condition or to match text, REGEX returns the underlying regular expression as a string value.
Returns the matches or capture groups in a match of a given regular expression in a source string.
Returns a string where a specified number of characters of a given string have been replaced with a new string.
Returns a string that contains a given string repeated a specified number of times.
Returns a string consisting of the given number of characters from the right end of a specified string.
Returns the starting position of one string within another, ignoring case and allowing wildcards.
Returns a string where the specified characters of a given string have been replaced with a new string.
Returns a string value consisting of all characters that appear after a given substring in the original string value.
Returns a string value consisting of all characters that appear before a given substring in the original string value.
Returns a string value consisting of all characters that appear between two given substrings in the original string value.
Returns the text contained in a cell. This function is included for compatibility with tables imported from other spreadsheet applications.
Returns a string based on a given string, after removing extra spaces.
Returns a string that is entirely uppercase, regardless of the case of the characters in the specified string.
Returns a number value even if the argument is formatted as text.
Returns the inverse cosine (arccosine) of a number.
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine (hyperbolic arccosine) of a number.
Returns the arcsine (the inverse sine) of a number.
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.
Returns the inverse tangent (arctangent) of a number.
Returns the angle, relative to the positive x‑axis, of the line passing through the origin and the specified point.
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.
Returns the cosine of an angle that is expressed in radians.
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.
Returns the number of degrees in an angle expressed in radians.
Returns the number of radians in an angle expressed in degrees.
Returns the sine of an angle that is expressed in radians.
Returns the hyperbolic sine of the specified number.
Returns the tangent of an angle that is expressed in radians.
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the specified number.