A number of settings on a Mac are stored in Non-Volatile RAM, or NVRAM. NVRAM has a number of keys that contain values that define how the hardware is configured on a device that aren’t otherwise stored in the settings of an operating system.
You can list all of the variables available using the -p option, as follows:
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nvram -p
Variables in the available key pairs are managed using the nvram command as well. Each setting, which we’ll provide a list of below, can then be edited provided you have elevated privileges to do so, without any options defined. Most values are true and false and will need to be supplied as %01 for true and %00 for false. As an example, the following command will turn on Location Services on a Mac:
nvram LocationServicesEnabled =%01
And the following will turn it back off:
nvram LocationServicesEnabled=%00
Some settings won’t apply to certain models if the hardware doesn’t support that setting, but the following is a list of settings available on most models:
The above list is not complete as I’ve not managed to change all of these in a useful manner. If you know what one is that I didn’t define, let me know! If you get in over your head, never fear, the following article will allow you to clear the values back to defaults:
Cisco, NetApp, Qlogic, the former Xserve RAID and a number of other appliances I’ve used over the years also use nvram to store similar variables. I’ll try and write up the similarities and discrepancies at some point. And good luck if you’re mucking around with this stuff.
Is your Mac up to date with the latest version of the Mac operating system? Is it using the version required by a product that you want to use with your Mac? Which versions are earlier (older) or later (newer, more recent)? To find out, learn which version is installed now.
If your macOS isn't up to date, you may be able to update to a later version.
From the Apple menu in the corner of your screen, choose About This Mac. You should see the macOS name, such as macOS Big Sur, followed by its version number. If you need to know the build number as well, click the version number to see it.
These are all Mac operating systems, starting with the most recent. When a major new macOS is released, it gets a new name, such as macOS Big Sur. As updates that change the macOS version number become available, this article is updated to show the latest version of that macOS.
If your Mac is using an earlier version of any Mac operating system, you should install the latest Apple software updates, which can include important security updates and updates for the apps that are installed by macOS, such as Safari, Books, Messages, Mail, Music, Calendar, and Photos.
macOS | Latest version |
---|---|
macOS Big Sur | 11.3 |
macOS Catalina | 10.15.7 |
macOS Mojave | 10.14.6 |
macOS High Sierra | 10.13.6 |
macOS Sierra | 10.12.6 |
OS X El Capitan | 10.11.6 |
OS X Yosemite | 10.10.5 |
OS X Mavericks | 10.9.5 |
OS X Mountain Lion | 10.8.5 |
OS X Lion | 10.7.5 |
Mac OS X Snow Leopard | 10.6.8 |
Mac OS X Leopard | 10.5.8 |
Mac OS X Tiger | 10.4.11 |
Mac OS X Panther | 10.3.9 |
Mac OS X Jaguar | 10.2.8 |
Mac OS X Puma | 10.1.5 |
Mac OS X Cheetah | 10.0.4 |